Article Data

  • Views 1119
  • Dowloads 287

Systematic reviews

Open Access

Adverse Effects of Implants in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review

  • Rekhalakshmi Kamatham1,*,
  • Priyanka Avisa1
  • Dileep Nag Vinnakota2
  • Sivakumar Nuvvula1

1Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Narayana Dental College and Hospital,Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India

2Department of Prosthodontics, Narayana Dental College and Hospital,Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India

DOI: 10.17796/1053-4625-43.2.1 Vol.43,Issue 2,March 2019 pp.69-77

Published: 01 March 2019

*Corresponding Author(s): Rekhalakshmi Kamatham E-mail: rekhanagmds@yahoo.co.in

Abstract

Objective: To determine the evidence on the adverse effects of placing dental implants in healthy growing children. Study design: A systematic search was conducted in five electronic databases: PubMed, Ovid, Cochrane, EBSCO host, ProQuest. Studies on implants placed in children below the age of 19 years, with loss of tooth either due to trauma or caries were included, whereas, studies on mini implants and implants placed due to congenital absence of teeth were excluded. The articles that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were analyzed based on the predetermined criteria of success. Results: A total of 8 publications fulfilled the inclusion criteria. All the included articles were case reports/series, involving a total of 16 implants (15 maxillary, one mandibular) in 11 adolescents (7 boys and 4 girls). The age of implant placement ranged between ten to 17 years with a mean age of 13.4 years and the follow up period, 4.5 months to 13 years. Pain, paresthesia, mobility or peri-implant radiolucency was not reported in any case report, indicating good integration. Radiographic crestal bone loss, probing depth and implant esthetics were not mentioned. The infraocclusion was not reported in 5 cases (age: 11–17 years, follow up: 4.5 months-two years), however, it was an adverse effect in 6 cases (age: ten-17 years, follow up: three-13 years). Conclusion: There is insufficient evidence to contradict the placement of dental implants in healthy growing children; the only reported adverse event is infraocclusion, the management of which too is discussed. However, as all the data is from case reports, the result should be interpreted with caution. Therefore, well-designed randomized controlled trials are needed to address this gap in the literature.

Keywords

Adolescents; Children; Dental; Implant


Cite and Share

Rekhalakshmi Kamatham,Priyanka Avisa,Dileep Nag Vinnakota,Sivakumar Nuvvula. Adverse Effects of Implants in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review. Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry. 2019. 43(2);69-77.

References

1.Gaviria L, Salcido JP, Guda T, Ong JL. Current trends in dental implants. J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg 40: 50–60, 2014.

2.Srinivasan M, Meyer S, Mombelli A, Muller F. Dental implants in the elderly population: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Implants Res (ahead of print doi: 10.1111/clr.12898), 2016.

3.Rao BS, Bhat SV. Dental implants: A boon to dentistry. Arch Med Health Sci 3:131-7, 2015.

4.Misch CE, Perel ML, Wang HL, Sammartino G, Galindo-Moreno P, Trisi P, Steigmann M, Rebaudi A, Palti A, Pikos MA, Schwartz-Arad D. Implant success, survival, and failure: The International Congress of Oral Implantologists (ICOI) pisa consensus conference. Implant Dent 17:5-15, 2008.

5.Steigenga JT, Al-Shammari KF, Nociti FH, Misch CE, Wang HL. Dental implant design and its relationship to long-term implant success. Implant Dent 12:306-17, 2003.

6.Shah RA, Mitra DK, Rodrigues SV, Pathare PN, Podar RS, Vijayakar HN. Implants in adolescents. J Indian Soc Periodontol 17:546-8, 2013.

7.Thilander B, Odman J, Jemt T. Single implants in the upper incisor region and their relationship to the adjacent teeth. An 8‐year follow‐up study. Clin Oral Implants Res 10:346-55, 1999.

8.Thilander B, Odman J, Lekholm U. Orthodontic aspects of the use of oral implants in adolescents: A 10‐year follow‐up study. Eur J Orthod 23:715- 31, 2001.

9.Chen Y. Correction of early implanted upper anterior teeth by distraction osteogenesis and orthodontic treatment: 285 Posters–Implant therapy outcomes, surgical aspects. Clinical Oral Implants Research 23:129-130, 2012.

10.Hulsmann M, Engelke W. Delayed endodontic and prosthetic treatment of two traumatized incisors. Endod Dent Traumatol 7:90-5, 1991.

11.Mehrali MC, Baraoidan M, Cranin AN. Use of endosseous implants in treatment of adolescent trauma patients. N Y State Dent J 60:25-9, 1994.

12.Scheuber S, Bosshardt D, Bragger U, von Arx T. Implant therapy following trauma of the anterior teeth – A new method for alveolar ridge preservation after post-traumatic ankylosis and external root resorption. Schweizer Monatsschrift fur Zahnmedizin 123:417-39, 2012.

13.Rossi E, Andreasen JO. Maxillary bone growth and implant positioning in a young patient: A case report. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 23:113-9, 2003.

14.Brugnolo E, Mazzoco C, Cordioli G, Majzoub Z. Clinical and radiographic findings following placement of single-tooth implants in young patients– Case reports. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 16:421-33, 1996.

15.Johansson G, Palmqvist S, Svenson B. Effects of early placement of a single tooth implant: A case report. Clin Oral Implants Res 5:48-51, 1994.

16.Iseri H, Solow B. Continued eruption of maxillary incisors and first molars in girls from 9 to 25 years, studied by the implant method. Eur J Orthod 18:245-56, 1996.

17.Sharma AB, Vargervik K. Using implants for the growing child. J Calif Dent Assoc 34:719-24, 2006.

18.CroninJr RJ, Oesterle LJ, Ranly DM. Mandibular implants and the growing patient. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 9:55-62, 1994.

19.Andersson B, Bergenblock S, Furst B, Jemt T. Long‐term function of singleimplant restorations: A 17‐to 19‐year follow‐up study on implant infraposition related to the shape of the face and patients’ satisfaction. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 15:471-80, 2013.

20.American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry Clinical Affairs Committee– Developing Dentition Subcommittee; American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry Council on Clinical Affairs. Guide line on management of the developing dentition and occlusion in pediatric dentistry. Pediatr Dent 30:184-95, 2009.

21.Satish Kumar G. Prosthetic rehabilitation of pediatric patients. Indian J Dental Sci 6:117-22, 2014.

22.Satapathy SK, Pillai A, Jyothi R, Annapurna PD. Natural teeth replacing artificial teeth in a partial denture: A Case Report. J Clin Diagn Res;7:1818- 19, 2013

23.Heij DG, Opdebeeck H, Steenberghe D, Quirynen M. Age as compromising factor for implant insertion. Periodontol 2000 33:172-84, 2003.

24.Prasad DA, Prasad DK. Effect of implant placement in growing adults on craniofacial development: A literature review. J Dent Implant 2:97-102, 2012.

25.Krieger E, Wegener J, Wagner W, Hornikel S, Wehrbein H. A combined prosthodontic and orthodontic treatment approach in a case of growth inhibition induced by dental implants: A case report. Quintessence Int 43:9-14, 2012.

26.Albrektsson T, Zarb G, Worthington P, Eriksson AR. The long-term efficacy of currently used dental implants: A review and proposed criteria of success. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1:11-25, 1986

27.Buser D, Weber HP, Lang NP. Tissue integration of non‐submerged implants. 1‐year results of a prospective study with 100 ITI hollow‐cylinder and hollow‐screw implants. Clin Oral Implants Res 1:33-40, 1990.

28.Rakhshan V. Congenitally missing teeth (hypodontia): A review of the literature concerning the etiology, prevalence, risk factors, patterns and treatment. Dent Res J;12:1-13, 2015.

29.Yap AK, Klineberg I. Dental implants in patients with ectodermal dysplasia and tooth agenesis: A critical review of the literature. Int J Prosthodont; 22:268-76, 2009.

30.Daftary F, Mahallati R, Bahat O, Sullivan RM. Lifelong craniofacial growth and the implications for osseointegrated implants. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants;28:163-9, 2013.

31.Duren DL, Seselj M, Froehle AW, Nahhas RW, Sherwood RJ. Skeletal growth and the changing genetic landscape during childhood and adulthood. Am J Phys Anthropol 150:48-57, 2013.

32.Albert AM, Ricanek K, Patterson E. A review of the literature on the aging adult skull and face: Implications for forensic science research and applications. Forensic Sci Int 2;172:1-9, 2007.

33.Chaudhary N, Ahlawat B, Kumar A, Goel P. Implants in paedodontics: A puzzled corner. Indian J Sci Res 6:193-7, 2015.

34.Gobbato L, Paniz G, Mazzocco F, Wang CW. Multidisciplinary management of a young female with infraoccluded dental implants: A case report. Int J Esthet Dent 11:162-73, 2015.

35.Zitzmann NU, Arnold D, Ball J, Brusco D, Triaca A, Verna C. Treatment strategies for infraoccluded dental implants. J Prosthet Dent 113:169-74, 2015.

36.Schulte J, Flores AM, Weed M. Crown-to-implant ratios of single tooth implant-supported restorations. J Prosthet Dent 98:1-5, 2007.

37.Schneider D, Witt L, Hammerle CHF. Influence of the crown-to-implant length ratio on the clinical performance of implants supporting single crown restorations: A cross-sectional retrospective 5-year investigation. Clin Oral Impl Res 169-74, 2012.

38.Sheng L, Silvestrin T, Zhan J, Wu L, Zhao Q, Cao Z, Lou Z, Ma Q. Replacement of severely traumatized teeth with immediate implants and immediate loading: literature review and case reports. Dent Traumatol 31:493-503, 2015.

39.Sharma P, Arora A, Valiathan A. Age changes of jaws and soft tissue profile. The Scientific World Journal 20:1-7, 2014.

40.Jivraj S, Chee W. Treatment planning of implants in the aesthetic zone. Br Dent J 201:77-89, 2006.

41.Giannetti L, MurriDelloDiago A, Vecci F, Consolo U. Mini-implants in growing patients: A case report. Pediatr Dent 32:239-44, 2010.

42.Mazor Z, Steigmann M, Leshem R, Peleg M. Mini-implants to reconstruct missing teeth in severe ridge deficiency and small interdental space: A 5-year case series. Implant Dent 13: 336-41, 2004

Abstracted / indexed in

Science Citation Index Expanded (SciSearch) Created as SCI in 1964, Science Citation Index Expanded now indexes over 9,500 of the world’s most impactful journals across 178 scientific disciplines. More than 53 million records and 1.18 billion cited references date back from 1900 to present.

PubMed (MEDLINE) PubMed comprises more than 35 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.

Biological Abstracts Easily discover critical journal coverage of the life sciences with Biological Abstracts, produced by the Web of Science Group, with topics ranging from botany to microbiology to pharmacology. Including BIOSIS indexing and MeSH terms, specialized indexing in Biological Abstracts helps you to discover more accurate, context-sensitive results.

Google Scholar Google Scholar is a freely accessible web search engine that indexes the full text or metadata of scholarly literature across an array of publishing formats and disciplines.

JournalSeek Genamics JournalSeek is the largest completely categorized database of freely available journal information available on the internet. The database presently contains 39226 titles. Journal information includes the description (aims and scope), journal abbreviation, journal homepage link, subject category and ISSN.

Current Contents - Clinical Medicine Current Contents - Clinical Medicine provides easy access to complete tables of contents, abstracts, bibliographic information and all other significant items in recently published issues from over 1,000 leading journals in clinical medicine.

BIOSIS Previews BIOSIS Previews is an English-language, bibliographic database service, with abstracts and citation indexing. It is part of Clarivate Analytics Web of Science suite. BIOSIS Previews indexes data from 1926 to the present.

Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition aims to evaluate a journal’s value from multiple perspectives including the journal impact factor, descriptive data about a journal’s open access content as well as contributing authors, and provide readers a transparent and publisher-neutral data & statistics information about the journal.

Scopus: CiteScore 2.0 (2022) Scopus is Elsevier's abstract and citation database launched in 2004. Scopus covers nearly 36,377 titles (22,794 active titles and 13,583 Inactive titles) from approximately 11,678 publishers, of which 34,346 are peer-reviewed journals in top-level subject fields: life sciences, social sciences, physical sciences and health sciences.

Submission Turnaround Time

Conferences

Top