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Association Between Breastfeeding Type and Duration and the Molar and Facial Characteristics of Preschoolers Aged 2 To 6 Years: A Cross-Sectional Study
1Division of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú
2Department of Orthodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
3Department of Orthodontics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
4Division of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú
*Corresponding Author(s): Luis Ernesto Arriola-Guillén E-mail: luchoarriola@gmail.com
Objective: To calculate the association between the type and duration of breastfeeding and the deciduous molar relationship and facial characteristics of preschoolers aged 2 to 6 years. Study design: This crosssectional study included 160 pre-schoolers aged 2 to 6 years old, enrolled in the 2019 academic year from 3 public schools in Data collection involved two phases. The first phase consisted in determining the facial type, anteroposterior and vertical profile, facial dimensions, and the molar relationship between primary second molars. The second phase included interviews with the parents or legal guardians. Children with exclusive breastfeeding and with mixed/artificial feeding (breastfeeding and bottle-feeding, or exclusive artificial bottle-feeding) were included. Chi-square test, t-test, multiple linear regression, and binary logistic regression tests were applied (p<0.05). Results: The facial length, width, and the lower third were greater in the exclusive breastfeeding group than in the mixed/artificial feeding group (3.74mm, p=0.002; 2.06mm, p=0.047; and 2.94mm, p=0.015; respectively). In addition, children with breastfeeding for more than six months showed greater facial length, facial width and lower third (3.20mm, p=0.038; 3.68mm, p=0.006; and 3.57mm, p=0.026; respectively). The duration of exclusive breastfeeding influenced facial width, noting an increase of 3.32mm (p=0.011) if a pre-schooler had exclusive breastfeeding for more than six months. Conclusion: There were no significant associations between type and duration of breastfeeding and the molar terminal plane, facial type, or profile. However, facial dimensions were greater in the exclusive breastfeeding group, and when breastfeeding was longer than six months.
Breastfeeding; Preschool; Face; Primary dentition
Catherine Sharlot Alarcón-Calle,Ingrid Góngora- León,Aron Aliaga-Del Castillo,Carlos Flores-Mir,Luis Ernesto Arriola-Guillén. Association Between Breastfeeding Type and Duration and the Molar and Facial Characteristics of Preschoolers Aged 2 To 6 Years: A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry. 2022. 46(3);233-240.
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