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Original Research
Open AccessFluoride Content of Bottled Waters in Hong Kong and Qatar
Fluoride Content of Bottled Waters in Hong Kong and Qatar
1 University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
2Paediatric Dentistry Department , School of Dentistry, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
3Paediatric Dentistry Program, School of Dentistry, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
*Corresponding Author(s): Robert P Anthonappa E-mail: XXX
Abstract
To determine the F concentration of bottled waters that was available in Hong Kong and Qatar. Study design: The F concentrations of bottled waters collected from Hong Kong (n=81) and Qatar (n=32) were analysed. The F ion selective electrode method was used to measure the F concentration in the samples. Three measurements were obtained for every sample to ensure reproducibility and appropriate statistical analyses were employed. Results: Qatar group: F concentrations ranged from 0.06ppm to 3.0ppm with a mean value of 0.8ppm. The F concentrations displayed on the labels of the samples (60%) were significantly lower than the measured F concentration (p < 0.0001). Hong Kong group: F concentrations ranged from 0.04ppm to 2.52ppm with a mean value of 0.44ppm. The F concentrations displayed on the samples (16%) were significantly lower than the measured F concentration (p< 0.0001). Conclusion: Wide variations exist in the F concentration among the different brands of bottled water available in Hong Kong and Qatar. The F concentrations displayed on the labels were not consistent with the measured F concentrations.
Keywords
fluoride, bottled water, fluorosis, dental caries
Cite and Share
Hessa I Al-Mulla,Robert P Anthonappa,Nigel M King. Fluoride Content of Bottled Waters in Hong Kong and Qatar. Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry. 2016. 40(4);290-296.
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