Prevalence of Posterior Crossbite for Orthodontic Treatment Timing

To evaluate the prevalence and distribution of posterior crossbite in different dentition stages in a Turkish sample. Study Design: 1554 subjects (843 girls, 711 boys) aged 4-25 years were evaluated to determine the prevalence of posterior crossbite in a Turkish sample. The subjects were classified according to four dentition stages (primary, early mixed, late mixed and permanent) and transversal occlusal status. The statistical evaluation was done by Chi-square, Fischer exact tests. Results: Bilateral and unilateral crossbite on the right and left sides had the highest frequency in the permanent dentition (51.0%, 47.3%, and 53.6%; respectively). No significant differences were found between unilateral (right and left) and bilateral crossbite with regard to dentition stages. No significant differences were found between unilateral right or left side posterior crossbite with regard to dentition stages. Conclusion: An increasing trend in the prevalence of posterior crossbite was observed from the primary dentition towards permanent dentition in this study.

Malocclusion, Epidemiology, Posterior Crossbites

1. Christie KF, Boucher N, Chung C-H. Effects of bonded rapid palatal expansion on the transverse dimensions of the maxilla: a cone-beam computed tomography study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 137: 79–85, 2010.

2. da Silva Filho OG, do Prado Montes LA, Torelly LF. Rapid maxillary expansion in the deciduous and mixed dentition evaluated through posteroanterior cephalometric analysis. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 107: 268–75, 1995.

3. Bartzela T1, Jonas I. Long-term stability of unilateral posterior crossbite correction. Angle Orthod 77: 237-43, 2007.

4. Harrison JE, Ashby D. Orthodontic treatment for posterior crossbites. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2: CD 000879, 2006.

5. Baccetti T, Franchi L, Cameron CG, et al. Treatment timing for rapid maxillary expansion. Angle Orthod 71: 343–50, 2001.

6. Celikoglu M, Akpinar S, Yavuz I. The pattern of malocclusion in a sample of orthodontic patients from Turkey. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 15: e791-6, 2010.

7. Lindner A. Longitudinal study of the effect of early interceptive treatment in 4-year old children with unilateral cross-bite. Scand J Dent Res 97: 432-8, 1989.

8. Egermark-Eriksson I, Carlsson GE, Magnusson T, et al. A longitudinal study on malocclusion in relation to signs and symptoms of cranio-mandibular disorders in children and adolescents. Eur J Orthod 12: 399-407, 1990.

9. Heikinheimo K, Salmi K. Need for orthodontic intervention in five-year-old Finnish children. Proc Finn Dent Soc 83: 165-9, 1987.

10. Kutin G, Hawes RR. Posterior cross-bites in the deciduous and mixed dentitions. Am J Orthod 56: 491-504, 1969.

11. Thilander B, Myrberg N. The prevalence of malocclusion in Swedish schoolchildren. Scand J Dent Res 81: 12-21, 1973.

12. Pinto AS, Buschang PH, Throckmorton GS, et al. Morphological and positional asymmetries of young children with functional unilateral posterior crossbite. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 120: 513-20, 2001.

13. Kurol J, Berglund L. Longitudinal study and cost-benefit analysis of the effect of early treatment of posterior crossbites in the primary dentition. Eur J Orthod 14: 173–9, 1992.

14. Lindner A. Longitudinal study on the effect of early interceptive treatment in 4-year-old children with unilateral crossbite. Scand J Dent Res 97: 432–8, 1989.

15. Thilander B, Pena L, Infante C et al. Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in children and adolescents in Bogota, Colombia. An epidemiological study related to different stages of dental development. Eur J Orthod 23: 153-67, 2001.

16. Ciuffolo F, Manzoli L, D’Attilio M et al. Prevalence and distribution by gender of occlusal characteristics in a sample of Italian secondary school students: a cross-sectional study. Eur J Orthod 27: 601-6, 2005.

17. Rudan I, Campbell H, Rudan P. Genetic epidemiological studies of eastern Adriatic Island isolates, Crotia: objective and strategies. Coll Antropol. 23: 531-46, 1999.

18. Foster TD, Menezes DM. The assessment of occlusal features for public health planning purposes. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 60: 83-90, 1976.

19. Shalish M, Gal A, Brin I, et al. Prevalence of dental features that indicate a need for early orthodontic treatment. Eur J Orthod 35: 454-9, 2013.

20. Lux CJ, Dücker B, Pritsch M, et al. Occlusal status and prevalence of occlusal malocclusion traits among 9-year-old schoolchildren. Eur J Orthod 31: 294-9, 2009.

21. Tschill P, Bacon W, and Sonko A. Malocclusion in the deciduous dentition of Caucasian Children. Eur J Orthod. 19: 361-7, 1997.

22. Kurol J1, Berglund L. Longitudinal study and cost-benefit analysis of the effect of early treatment of posterior cross-bites in the primary dentition. Eur J Orthod 14: 173-9, 1992.

23. Llompart G, Marin GH, Silberman M, et al. GIS (Grupo Interdisciplinario para Salud). Oral health in 6-year-old schoolchildren from Berisso, Argentina: falling far short of WHO goals. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 15 :e101-5, 2010.

24. Modeer T, Odenrick L, Lindner A. Sucking habits and their relation to posterior crossbite in 4-year-old children. Scan J Dent Res 90: 323-8, 1982.

25. Larsson E. The effect of dummy-sucking on the occlusion: a review. Eur J Orthod 8: 127-30, 1986.

26. Fields HW, Proffit WR. Moderate nonskeletal problems in preadolescent children: preventive andinterceptive treatment in family practice. In Proffit WR, Fields HW, Sarver DM. Contemporary Orthodontics 5th ed. pp 395-429. St Louis, Mo: Mosby, 2012.

27. Sonnesen L, Bakke M, Solow B. Malocclusion traits and symptoms and signs of temporomandibular disorders in children with severe malocclusion. Eur J Orthod 20: 543-59, 1998.