Screening of a Pediatric and Adult Clinic Population for Caries Pathogen Scardovia Wiggsiae

Dental caries remains one of the most common morbidities worldwide, with research focusing on the most prevalent cariogenic bacteria including Streptococcus, Actionmyces and Lactobacillus species. However, recent evidence has begun to reveal novel pathogens that may alter current understanding of caries risk, including the recently discovered Gram-positive bacillus Scardovia wiggsiae. Study Design: This prospective, cross-sectional study collected saliva from healthy adults and children for DNA isolation and PCR screening (n=149) in order to evaluate the prevalence of this potential oral pathogen. Results: This analysis revealed that although half of these samples harbored traditional pathogens (S. mutans), approximately one quarter also harbored detectable levels of Scardovia. Further analysis using semi-quantitative methods, however, suggested only a small percentage had elevated (high) microbial burden (5.4%). These data suggest that cariogenic microbial composition among some patients may differ significantly, with some patients harboring comparatively larger percentages of Scardovia within their oral microbial flora. Conclusions: A complete understanding of the microbial interactions that facilitate or hinder the growth of Scardovia within the oral cavity remains largely unknown, suggesting the need for long-term studies to more fully elucidate demographic or health parameters, as well as the potential disease risk, associated with this organism.

Scardovia wiggsiae, caries, pediatric, dental, saliva

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