Article Data

  • Views 969
  • Dowloads 284

Reviews

Open Access

The Potential Lifespan Impact of Gingivitis and Periodontitis in Children

  • Bimstein E1,*,
  • Huja PE2
  • Ebersole JL3

1,UK College of Dentistry

2,Division of Periodontics

3,Center of Oral Health Research

DOI: 10.17796/jcpd.38.2.j525742137780336 Vol.38,Issue 2,March 2014 pp.95-100

Published: 01 March 2014

*Corresponding Author(s): Bimstein E E-mail: ebi223@uky.edu

Abstract

The prevalence of gingivitis in children can be similar to or greater than dental caries, but has received much less attention in understanding the long-term impact on overall health. Oral health providers must take into consideration that the clinical presentation of the gingivitis progression/severity in the primary dentition is only evident when the magnitude of the inflammatory cell infiltrate approximates the gingival surface reflected by inflamed tissues. Moreover, despite its relatively benign clinical appearance, the establishment of chronic inflammation of the periodontal tissues in childhood may have the potential for local tissue destruction leading to periodontitis, and/or create an “at-risk” environment in the tissues that could adversely affect the health of these tissues across the lifespan. The present manuscript presents some fundamental information regarding the characteristics of chronic inflammation in gingival tissues of children and adolescents and speculates about the lifetime impact of gingival and periodontal infections in childhood on future oral and systemic health in the adult.

Keywords

Gingivitis, periodontitis, children, potential impact

Cite and Share

Bimstein E,Huja PE,Ebersole JL. The Potential Lifespan Impact of Gingivitis and Periodontitis in Children. Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry. 2014. 38(2);95-100.

References

1. American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry, Pediatric Dentistry Reference Manual. Overview, definitions and scope of Pediatric dentistry. Pediatr Dent, 34: 2-3, 2012.

2. Nowzari H, Botero JE, Rich SK. The impact of early-in life periodontal infection on the smiles of children: a worldwide view. Compend Contin Educ Dent, 31: 154, 156-8, 160 passim, 2010.

3. Oh T-J, Eber R, Wang H-L: Periodontal diseases in the child and adoles-cent. J Clin Periodontol, 29: 400–10, 2002.

4. Dibart S. Children adolescents and periodontal disease. J Dent, 25: 79-89, 1997.

5. Albandar JM, Brunelle JA, Kingman A. Destructive periodontal disease in adults 30 years of age and older in the United States, 1988-1994. J Peri-odontol, 70: 13-29, 1999.

6. Montandon A, Zuza E, Toledo BE. Prevalence and reasons for tooth loss in a simple from a dental clinic in Brazil. Int J Dent 2012 Available on line August 29 at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3437633/. Accessed August 15 2013.

7. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for the Disease Control and Prevention. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/oralhealth/publications/factsheets/dental_caries.htm. Accessed August 15, 2013.

8. American Academy of Pediatrics. Policy Statement. Section on Pediatric Dentistry. Oral health risk assessment timing and establishment of the dental home. Pediatrics, 111: 1113-6, 2003.

9. American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry, Pediatric Dentistry Reference Manual. Guideline on periodicity of examination, preventive dental services, anticipatory guidance/counseling. And oral treatments for infants, children and adolescents. Pediatr Dent, 34: 110-6, 2012.

10. Stamm JW. Epidemiology of gingivitis. J Clin Periodontol, 13: 360-6,1986.

11. Bhat M. Periodontal health of 14-17-years-old US schoolchildren. J Pub Health, 51: 5-11, 1991.

12. Page RC. Oral health status in the United States: prevalence of inflamma-tory periodontal diseases. J Dent Educ, 49: 354-64, 1985.

13. Mackler SB, Crawford JJ. Plaque development and gingivitis in the primary dentition. J Periodontol , 44: 18-24, 1973.

14. Matsson L. Development of gingivitis in the preschool children and young adults. J Clin Periodontol , 5: 24-34, 1978.

15. Bimstein E, Matsson L. Growth and development considerations in the diagnosis of gingivitis and periodontitis in children. Pediatr Dent, 21: 186- 91, 1999.

16. Hugoson A. Koch G, Göthberg C, Helkimo AN, Lundin SA, Norderyd O, Sjödin B, Sondell K. Oral health of individuals aged 3-80 years in Jonkoping during 30 years (1973-2003). I. Review of findings on dental care habits and knowledge on health care habits and knowledge of oral health. Swed Dent J, 29: 125-38, 2005

17. Spencer AJ, Beighton D, Higgins T. Periodontal disease in five and six year old children. J Periodontol, 54: 19–22, 1983.

18. Löe H. principles of aetiology and pathogenesis governing the treatment of periodontal disease. Int Dent J, 2:119-26, 1983.

19. Brown LJ, Löe H. Prevalence, extent, severity and progression of peri-odontal disease. Periodontol 2000, 2:57–71, 1993.

20. Mariotti AJ. Gingival diseases. In: Bimstein E, Needleman HL, Karimbux N, Van Dyke TE, eds. Periodontal and gingival health and diseases. Chil-dren, adolescents and Young adults. Martin Dunitz Ltd, London; 31-48, 2001

21. Parfitt GJ. A five year longitudinal study of the gingival condition of a group of children in England. J Periodontol, 28: 26-32, 1957.

22. Page RC, Schroeder HE. Pathogenesis of inflammatory periodontal diseases. Lab Invest, 33: 235-49, 1976.

23. Bimstein E, Lustmann J, Soskolne WA. A clinical and histometric study of gingivitis associated with the human deciduous dentition. J Periodontol, 56: 293-6, 1985.

24. Bimstein E, Soskolne WA, Lustmann J, Gazit D, Bab I. Gingivitis in the human dentition. A correlative clinical and block surface light microscopic (BSLM) study. J Clin Periodontol, 15: 575-80, 1988.

25. Bimstein E, Garcia-Godoy F. The significance of age, proximal caries, gingival inflammation, probing depths and the loss of lamina dura in the diagnosis of alveolar bone loss in the primary molars. ASDC J Dent Child 6:125-8, 1994.

26. Turnbaugh PJ, Ley RE, Hamady M, Frase-Liggett CM, Knight R, Gordon JI. The human microbiome project. Nature, 449: 804-10, 2007.

27. International Human genome sequencing consortium, Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome. Nature, 409: 860-921, 2001.

28. Collins FS, Morgan M, Patrinos A. The human genome project: Lessons from large-scale biology. Science, 300: 286-90, 2003.

29. Chen T, Yu W-H, Izard O, Baranova OV, Lakshmanan A, Derwhirst FE. The human oral microbiome database: a web based accessible resource for investigating oral microbe taxonomic and genomic information. Available at: http://www.homd.org Database 2010;baq013 doi10.1093/databasebaq013. Accessed August 15, 2013.

30. Dewhirst FE, Chen T, Izard J, Paster BJ, Tanner AC, Yu WH, Lakshmanan A, Wade WG. The human microbiome. J Bacteriol, 192:5002-17, 2010.

31. Devaraj S, Hemarajata P, Versalovic. The human gut microbiome and body metabolism: implications for obesity and diabetes. Clin Chem, 59: 617-28, 2013.

32. Pimentel GD, Micheletti TO, Pace F, Rosa JC, Santos RVT, Sira FS. Gut-central nervous system axis is a target for nutritional therapies. Nutr J, 10;11:22. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-11-22, Available at http://www.ncbi. nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22490672. Accessed on August 15, 2013.

33. Berer K, Khrisnamoorthy G. Commensal gut flora and brain autoimmunity: a love or hate affair? Acta Neuropathol, 125: 639-51, 2012.

34. Schenkein HA. Pathogenesis of aggressive periodontitis. In: Bimstein E, Needleman HL, Karimbux N, Van Dyke TE, eds. Periodontal and gingival health and diseases. Children, adolescents and young adults. Martin Dunitz, Ltd. London; 147-67, 2001.

35. Kinane FD, Berglundh T, Lindhe J. Pathogenesis of periodontitis. In: Lindhe J, Lang NP, Karring T, eds. Clinical Periodontology and Implant dentistry, 5th Edition. Blackwell publishing, Iowa; 285-306, 2008.

36. Berglundh T, Liljenberg B, Lindhe J. Some cytokine profiles of T-helper cells in lesions of advanced periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol, 29: 705-9, 2002.

37. Tietze K, Dalpke A, Morath S, Mutters R, Heeg K, Nonnenmacher C. Differences in innate immune responses upon stimulation of gram- positive and gram- negative bacteria. J Periodon Res, 41:447-54, 2006.

38. Hagishengalis G, Lamont RJ. Beyond the red complex and into more complexity: the polymicrobial synergy and dysbiosis (PSD) model for periodontal disease etiology. Mol Oral Microbiol, 27: 409-19, 2012.

39. Peyyala R, Kirakodu SS, Novak KF, Ebersole JL. Oral microbial biofilm stimulation of epithelial cell response. Cytokine, 58: 67-72, 2012.

40. Nakagawa, T. Nakagawa, S. Ishihara, K. Yamada, S. Machida, Y., Okuda, K. Reactive antibodies in sera from pubertal and adult gingivitis patients against various Porphyromonas gingivalis antigens. J Periodontal Res, 30:

41. Bimstein E, Ebersole JL. Serum antibody levels to oral microorganisms in children and young adults with relation to severity of gingival disease. Pediatr Dent, 13: 267-72, 1991.

42. Ohlrich RJ, Cullinan MP, Seymour GJ. The immunopathogenesis of peri-odontal disease. Aust Dent J, 54(Suppl 1):S2-10, 2009.

43. Teng T-YA, The role of acquired immunity and periodontal disease progres-sion. Crit Rev Oral Biol and Med, 14: 237-52, 2003.

44. Berglundh T and Donati M. Aspects of adaptive host response in periodon-titis. J Clin Periodontol, 32(suppl6): 87-107, 2005.

45. Papapanou PN, Abron A, Verbitsky M, Picolos D, Yang J, Qin J, Fine JB, Pavdilis P. Gene expression signatures on chronic and aggressive periodon-tits: a pilot study. Eur J Oral Sci, 112: 216-23, 2004.

46. Albandar JM. Epidemiology and risk factors of periodontal disease. Dent Clin North Am, 49: 517-32, 2005.

47. Tonetti MS, Mombelli A. Early-onset periodontitis. Annals Periodontol, 4:39-52, 1999.

48. Bimstein E. Extended kindred with 10 children with periodontitis: a seven-year follow-up report. Pediatr Dent, 25: 389-96, 2003.

49. Shaddox L, Wiedley J, Bimstein E, Magnuson M, Clare-Seltzer M, Aukhil I, Wallet SM. Hyper-Responsive Phenotype in Localized Aggressive Peri-odontitis. J Dent Res, 89: 143-8, 2010.

50. Shaddox LM, Wiedey J, Calderon NL, Magnusson I, Bimstein E, Bidwell JA, Zapert EF, Aukhil I, Wallet SM. Local inflammatory markers and systemic endotoxin in aggressive periodontitis. J Dent Res, 90: 1140-4, 2011.

51. Bimstein E, Matsson L, Soskolne AW, Lustmann J. Histologic character-istics of the gingiva associated with the primary and permanent teeth of children. Pediatr Dent, 3: 206-10, 1994

52. Suvan J, D’Aiuto F, Moles DR, Petrie A, Donos N. Association between overweight/obesity and periodontitis in adults. A systematic review. Obes Rev, 12:e381-404, 2011.

53. Meisel P, Wilke P, Biffar R, Holtfreter B, Wallascohofski H, Kocher T. Total tooth loss and systemic correlates of inflammation: role of obesity. Obesity, 20: 644-50, 2012.


Abstracted / indexed in

Science Citation Index Expanded (SciSearch) Created as SCI in 1964, Science Citation Index Expanded now indexes over 9,500 of the world’s most impactful journals across 178 scientific disciplines. More than 53 million records and 1.18 billion cited references date back from 1900 to present.

PubMed (MEDLINE) PubMed comprises more than 35 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.

Biological Abstracts Easily discover critical journal coverage of the life sciences with Biological Abstracts, produced by the Web of Science Group, with topics ranging from botany to microbiology to pharmacology. Including BIOSIS indexing and MeSH terms, specialized indexing in Biological Abstracts helps you to discover more accurate, context-sensitive results.

Google Scholar Google Scholar is a freely accessible web search engine that indexes the full text or metadata of scholarly literature across an array of publishing formats and disciplines.

JournalSeek Genamics JournalSeek is the largest completely categorized database of freely available journal information available on the internet. The database presently contains 39226 titles. Journal information includes the description (aims and scope), journal abbreviation, journal homepage link, subject category and ISSN.

Current Contents - Clinical Medicine Current Contents - Clinical Medicine provides easy access to complete tables of contents, abstracts, bibliographic information and all other significant items in recently published issues from over 1,000 leading journals in clinical medicine.

BIOSIS Previews BIOSIS Previews is an English-language, bibliographic database service, with abstracts and citation indexing. It is part of Clarivate Analytics Web of Science suite. BIOSIS Previews indexes data from 1926 to the present.

Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition aims to evaluate a journal’s value from multiple perspectives including the journal impact factor, descriptive data about a journal’s open access content as well as contributing authors, and provide readers a transparent and publisher-neutral data & statistics information about the journal.

Scopus: CiteScore 2.0 (2022) Scopus is Elsevier's abstract and citation database launched in 2004. Scopus covers nearly 36,377 titles (22,794 active titles and 13,583 Inactive titles) from approximately 11,678 publishers, of which 34,346 are peer-reviewed journals in top-level subject fields: life sciences, social sciences, physical sciences and health sciences.

Submission Turnaround Time

Conferences

Top