Effect of electronic book ''Traumatic dental injury to children's permanent teeth'' on primary school teacher's knowledge

Most dental trauma in children aged 8–12 years occurs in schools. Teachers should properly and timely manage the emergency pertaining to traumatic dental injuries before paying visit to dental health center. Studies had revealed that the elementary school teachers carried poor knowledge of managing the dental trauma. Electronic books were the easily accessible digital and visual educational media for the users through internet-connected devices. This study compared the knowledge of primary school teachers before and after reading the innovative electronic book “Traumatic Dental Injury to Children’s Permanent Teeth”. The questionnaire was shared via a link, before and after reading this electronic book. The contents of electronic book included the kinds of trauma, management, and preventive measures as explained via appealing illustrations. The median score of knowledge before the intervention was 6 (poor), and afterwards it was 13 (good). Wilcoxon test on scores before and after reading this book resulted in statistically significant difference p-value ≤ 0.05. The electronic book “Traumatic Dental Injury to Children’s Permanent Teeth” was innovative, and effective educational media having high impact of increasing the dental trauma knowledge among primary school teachers.

Dental injuries; Electronic book “Traumatic dental injury to children’s permanent teeth”; Teacher’s knowledge

[1] Katthika VK, Fauziah E, Budiardjo SB. Animated video for increasing primary school teachers’ knowledge regarding first aid management of dental avulsion. Brazilian Dental Science. 2020; 23: 1–7.

[2] Alsadhan SA, Alsayari NF, Abuabat MF. Teachers’ knowledge concerning dental trauma and its management in primary schools in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. International Dental Journal. 2018; 68: 306–313.

[3] Bourguignon C, Cohenca N, Lauridsen E, Flores MT, O’Connell AC, Day PF, et al. International association of dental traumatology guidelines for the management of traumatic dental injuries: 1. fractures and luxations. Dental Traumatology. 2020; 36: 314–330.

[4] Ak TA, Ozdas DO, Zorlu S, Karataban PK. Dental traumatology in pediatric dentistry. In Gözler S (ed.) Trauma in dentistry (pp. 55–82). 1st edn. IntechOpen: London, UK. 2019.

[5] Slayton RL, Palmer EA. Traumatic dental injuries in children: a clinical guide to management and prevention. 1st edn. Springer: Berlin, Germany. 2020.

[6] Septahapsari AI. Distribution frequency of traumatic permanent anterior teeth on children aged 8 12 years study in State Elementary School District of Joharbaru Central Jakarta [master’s thesis]. Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas: University of Indonesia. 2014.

[7] Andreasen JO, Andreasen FM, Andersson L. Textbook and color atlas of traumatic injuries to the teeth. 5th edn. Wiley-Blackwell: Hoboken. 2019.

[8] Benkirane L, Targhaline N, Hamza M, El Arabi S. Prevalence and predisposing factors associated with facial and dentoalveolar trauma among children and adolescents aged between 06 months and 15 years having consulted casablanca dental emergency department. Journal of Pediatric Dentistry. 2021; 7: 9–16.

[9] Trabelsi K, Shephard RJ, Zlitni S, Boukhris O, Ammar A, Khacharem A, et al. Dental trauma first-aid knowledge and attitudes of physical education teachers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature with meta-regressions. Education Sciences. 2019; 9: 251.

[10] Magdalena Nowosielska, Joanna Baginska, Agnieszka Kobus, Kierklo A. How to educate the public about dental trauma—a scoping review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19: 2479.

[11] Budi MEP. Online: creating a digital parenting plan e-booklet about how to prevent gadget addiction in childhood. Journal of Islamic Educational Counseling. 2021; 2.

[12] Suherdi D, Rezky SF, Kom, S, Kom M, Apdilah D, Sinuraya J, et al. The importance of digital literacy during a pandemic. Cattleya Darmaya Fortuna: Sumatera Utara. 2021.

[13] Dumaris E, Silalahi EA. Digital literacy education: theory, practice, and application: PT. Global Eksekutif Teknologi. 2022. Available at: https://www.google.co.id/books/edition/Literasi_Digital_Berbasis_Pendidikan/2d55EAAAQBAJ?hl=id&gbpv=1&dq=Literasi+Digital+Berbasis+Pendidikan:+Teori,+Praktek+dan+Penerapannya:+PT.+Global+Eksekutif+Teknologi+2022&pg=PP2&printsec=frontcover (Accessed: 19 August 2022).

[14] Enikawati M, Fauziah E, Budiardjo SB. Effect of first aid management of dental avulsion posters on primary school teachers’ knowledge. Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clínica Integrada. 2020; 20: e0061.

[15] Imas Masturoh, NAT. Methodology of health research. Center for Health Human Resources Education, Agency for Health Human Resources Development and Empowerment, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. 2018.

[16] Fouad AF, Abbott PV, Tsilingaridis G, Cohenca N, Lauridsen E, Bourguignon C, et al. International association of dental traumatology guidelines for the management of traumatic dental injuries: 2. avulsion of permanent teeth. Dental Traumatology. 2020; 36: 331–342.

[17] Fuady R, Mutalib AA. Audio-visual media in learning. Journal of K6 Education and Management. 2018; 1: 1–6.

[18] Abdussamad Z, Rosita E, Alfianto AG, Pramana C, Kristianto B, Wicaksono KE, et al. Health promotion: innovation and implementation program. Media Sains Indonesia: Bandung. 2021.

[19] Makdis N. E-Books in the digital age. Al-Maktabah. 2020; 19: 77–84.

[20] Hendriani A, Nuryani P, Ibrahim T. Critical literacy pedagogy: its history, philosophy, and development in the educational environment. Pedagogia. 2018; 16: 44–59.

[21] Septian EDJ, Muchsin M, Kuntoro K, Martini S. Textbook of health promotion media development: K-Media. Universitas Ahmad Dahlan: Yogyakarta. 2019.

[22] Asosiasi Penyelenggara Jasa Internet Indonesia. APJII in Indonesia Digital Outlook 2022. 2022. Available at: https://apjii.or.id/berita/detail/apjii-di-indonesia-digital-outloook-2022_857 (Accessed: 19 August 2022).

[23] Simamora NRH, Kep M. Nursing education textbook. Penerbit Buku Kedokeran EGC: Jakarta. 2009.

[24] Intika T. Development of media booklet science for kids as learning resources in elementary schools. Jurnal Riset Pendidikan Dasar. 2018; 1: 10–17.

[25] Reddy LV, Bhattacharjee R, Misch E, Sokoya M, Ducic Y. Dental injuries and management. Facial Plastic Surgery. 2019; 35: 607–613.

[26] Council O. Guideline on the management of acute dental trauma. Dental Traumatology. 2011; 32: 202–212.

[27] Mayasari Y, Wibowo RDS. Teachers’ knowledge about dental trauma and its management in primary schools in Jakarta, Indonesia. Journal Research of Social, Science, Economics, and Management. 2022; 1: 1061–1071.

[28] Al Sari S, Kowash M, Hussein I, Al-Halabi M. An educational initiative for dubai school nurses and physical education teachers on the management of traumatic dental injuries. The Journal of School Nursing. 2019; 35: 359–366.

[29] Tzimpoulas N, Markou M, Zioutis V, Tzanetakis GN. A questionnaire-based survey for the evaluation of the knowledge level of primary school teachers on first-aid management of traumatic dental injuries in Athens, Greece. Dental Traumatology. 2020; 36: 41–50.

[30] Mampouw H, Lukito A. Student’s understanding of graph based on information-processing. International Journal of Active Learning. 2016; 1: 12–19.

[31] Raoof M, Shokouhinejad N, Izadi A, Nourzadeh M, Afkham A, Forghani FR, et al. Long-term effect of an educational intervention regarding dental trauma first aid: a phase II study. Dental Traumatology. 2014; 30: 296–301.