Effect of different mouthwashes on the color stability and surface roughness of a compomer and a resin-based fissure sealant: an in vitro study

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of mouthwashes with varying chemical compositions on the color stability and surface texture of compomers and resin-based fissure sealants, which are frequently used in pediatric dentistry. Methods: A total of 80 disc-shaped samples were fabricated for each resin-based material—Nova Compomer Classic and I-Seal Light Curing (LC) Fissure Sealant. Each group was subdivided into four sets (n = 10) according to the immersion medium: an alcohol-free mouthwash (Listerine Total Care Zero, Johnson & Johnson, USA), a chlorhexidine-based rinse (Kloroben, Drogsan, Ankara, Turkey), ozonated water, and distilled water serving as the control. Samples were immersed twice daily for 2 minutes over a 28-day period. Color alterations and surface roughness were assessed at baseline and after 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days using a spectrophotometer and a profilometer, respectively, and the changes in color (∆E00) and roughness (∆Ra) were calculated. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS version 25. The data were compared using non-parametric tests (Kruskal-Wallis and Friedman) with Bonferroni-adjusted post hoc comparisons. Results: Significant differences were detected between the compomer and fissure sealant groups in terms of both color and surface roughness changes (p < 0.05). The resin-based fissure sealant exhibited significantly greater color changes than the compomer, with the most pronounced discoloration following immersion in ozonated water and Listerine (p < 0.05). In contrast, the compomer demonstrated significantly greater surface roughness changes than the resin-based fissure sealant, particularly after immersion in Listerine and distilled water (p < 0.05). The effects of the immersion media on ∆E00 and ∆Ra values varied over time (p < 0.05). Conclusions: While the resin-based fissure sealant showed greater susceptibility to color change, the compomer exhibited more pronounced surface roughness alterations.

Mouthwashes; Color; Surface properties; Pediatric dentistry; Dental materials

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