Developmental spectrum of segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia: clinical and radiographic features across different dentition stages

Background: Segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia (SOD) is a rare developmental condition characterized by unilateral maxillary involvement with dental and osseous abnormalities. Although several case reports have described individual features of SOD, clinical and radiographic findings across different stages of dental development remain limited. This report describes the clinical and radiographic findings of SOD observed at different stages of dentition. Cases: Three pediatric patients with SOD were evaluated at different stages of dentition, including the primary dentition and late mixed dentition, with emphasis on imaging findings. Clinical examinations and radiographic evaluations, including panoramic radiography and cone-beam computed tomography, were performed. Conclusions: Clinical and radiographic findings in two patients examined during the primary dentition stage were primarily limited to the affected maxillary segment and primary dentition, including abnormal primary tooth morphology and displacement of developing permanent tooth germs. In contrast, the patient evaluated during the late mixed dentition stage demonstrated additional findings involving the permanent dentition, including ankylosis, congenitally missing premolars, and delayed eruption of the permanent canine. Follow-up radiographs showed partial eruption of the affected canine after extraction of obstructive primary teeth.

Segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia; Dental development; Mixed dentition; Cone-beam computed tomography

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